SAT Reading & Writing: Use em dashes correctly for emphasis or interruption
23+ practice questions in Praczo
The concept, explained
- 1
An em dash — like this — can mark a sharp interruption, emphasis, or a nonessential phrase in the middle of a sentence.
- 2
When em dashes set off a nonessential phrase, they must come in a matched pair: one dash opens it, one closes it. You cannot mix a dash with a comma or parenthesis to close.
- 3
A single em dash at the end of a clause can introduce a sudden emphasis or explanation — like an informal colon.
- 4
Do not use an em dash to join two independent clauses the way a semicolon or period does, unless emphasis is needed — otherwise, use standard punctuation.
- ✗ Mixing an em dash with a comma to bracket a nonessential phrase (e.g., "The project — funded by the town, was delayed"). Use two dashes or two commas, not one of each.
- ✗ Overusing em dashes when commas or a colon would be clearer.
SAT-style practice
Which choice best completes the sentence? "The new bridge — completed ahead of schedule _____ has already become the town's most photographed landmark."
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